Measuring the value of ecosystem-based fishery management using financial portfolio theory

We highlight the potential benefits of adopting Ecosystem-based Fishery Management (EBFM). We compare the EBFM implementation with the more traditional single-stock approach. We show the contribution of the portfolio theory to the EBFM, which can be achieved by selecting an optimal portfolio to maximise the average revenues and minimise the variance. We use this approach to construct two frontiers: the ecosystem efficient frontier, which considers stock interactions (the variance-covariance matrix), and the stock efficient frontier,only considering individual stock variances. We also define two risk gaps. The first gap shows the reduction in the standard deviation per unit of revenuethat the fleet could have achieved if they had decided to use the optimal portfolio of the stock frontier instead ofthe historical portfolio. The second gap reflects the reduction in the standard deviation per unit of revenue when the management moves from the stock frontier to the ecosystem frontier portfolio. This approach is adapted to the Basque inshore fleet. According to our results, taking the single-stock approach as the benchmark, the EBFM would obtain the same historical revenue while reducing the risk by 23%.Alternatively, allowing the same level of risk, it could achieve a 21% increase in revenues.This work has received funding from Basque Government Department of Education (Grant IT-799-13). I. Carmona has benefited from a grant of the Department of Economic Development and Competitiveness of the Basque Government. A. Ansuategi, J.M. Chamorro and M. Escapa also thank financial support from the University of the Basque Country (Grant GIU 18-136) and from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (Grant RTI2018-093352-B-I00)

Survival analysis of time to SARS-CoV-2 PCR negativisation to optimise PCR prescription in health workers: the Henares COVID-19 healthcare workers cohort study.

Objectives Reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) is considered the gold standard in diagnosing COVID-19. Infected healthcare workers do not go back to work until RT-PCR has demonstrated that the virus is no longer present in the upper respiratory tract. The aim of this study is to determine the most efficient time to perform RT-PCR prior to healthcare workers’ reincorporation. Materials and methods This is a cohort study of healthcare workers with RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19. Data were collected using the medical charts of healthcare workers and completed with a telephone interview. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to determine the influence of several variables on the time to RT-PCR negativisation. The impact of the variables on survival was assessed using the Breslow test. A Cox regression model was developed including the associated variables. Results 159 subjects with a positive RT-PCR out of 374 workers with suspected COVID-19 were included. The median time to negativisation was 25 days from symptom onset (IQR 20–35 days). Presence of IgG, dyspnoea, cough and throat pain were associated with significant longer time to negativisation. Cox logistic regression was used to adjust for confounding variables. Only dyspnoea and cough remained in the model as significant determinants of prolonged negativisation time. Adjusted HRs were 0.68 (0.48–096) for dyspnoea and 0.61 (0.42–0.88) for dry cough. Conclusions RT-PCR during the first 3 weeks leads to a high percentage of positive results. In the presence of respiratory symptoms, negativisation took nearly 1 week more. Those who developed antibodies needed longer time to negativisate.pre-print396 K

COVID-19 symptoms at hospital admission vary with age and sex: results from the ISARIC prospective multinational observational study

Background: The ISARIC prospective multinational observational study is the largest cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. We present relationships of age, sex, and nationality to presenting symptoms. Methods: International, prospective observational study of 60 109 hospitalized symptomatic patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 recruited from 43 countries between 30 January and 3 August 2020. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate relationships of age and sex to published COVID-19 case definitions and the most commonly reported symptoms. Results: ‘Typical’ symptoms of fever (69%), cough (68%) and shortness of breath (66%) were the most commonly reported. 92% of patients experienced at least one of these. Prevalence of typical symptoms was greatest in 30- to 60-year-olds (respectively 80, 79, 69%; at least one 95%). They were reported less frequently in children (≤ 18 years: 69, 48, 23; 85%), older adults (≥ 70 years: 61, 62, 65; 90%), and women (66, 66, 64; 90%; vs. men 71, 70, 67; 93%, each P < 0.001). The most common atypical presentations under 60 years of age were nausea and vomiting and abdominal pain, and over 60 years was confusion. Regression models showed significant differences in symptoms with sex, age and country. Interpretation: This international collaboration has allowed us to report reliable symptom data from the largest cohort of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Adults over 60 and children admitted to hospital with COVID-19 are less likely to present with typical symptoms. Nausea and vomiting are common atypical presentations under 30 years. Confusion is a frequent atypical presentation of COVID-19 in adults over 60 years. Women are less likely to experience typical symptoms than men

Recuperación boscosa inclusiva de los ecosistemas aledaños a la Facultad de Educación de la UCM

Dado el contexto actual de emergencia climática, es necesario aumentar la resiliencia de las ciudades a través de soluciones basadas en la naturaleza. Existen muchas evidencias sobre las razones que conducen a comenzar procesos de naturalización de las ciudades, entre ellas, mejorar las condiciones de vida de los habitantes. La concepción de reverdecer el entorno va más allá de la clásica concepción de parques y jardines. Se relaciona más con la posibilidad de insertar la ciudad en su territorio, encontrando así una eficiencia ecosistémica frente a la meramente urbana (Gil, 2020). Desde hace ya seis cursos académicos, plantamos árboles y arbustos en los aledaños de la Facultad de Educación-UCM (FE) como actividad de aprendizaje-servicio con el fin de recuperar el suelo de este ecosistema, pero desde un enfoque inclusivo, ecosostenible, ecofeminista e interseccional. La propuesta implica la participación de estudiantes universitarios y con diversidad funcional. Durante varios años, se contó con la participación de estudiantes del colectivo APAMA (Asociación de Padres y Madres de Alumnos con Discapacidad de Alcobendas). Desde el curso 2021-22, se cuenta con la del colectivo Achalay, que cursa sus estudios en dicha facultad. Desde un enfoque colaborativo, la propuesta implica promover una educación de calidad e inclusiva en territorios educativos para transferir la práctica de la recuperación boscosa a instituciones y organizaciones formales y no formales. El proceso contempla realizar talleres educativos y editar vídeos y tutoriales interactivos para apoyar el proceso de transferencia de ApS. De esta forma, se pretende promover una sociedad más inclusiva y sostenible, en línea con los objetivos marcados por la Agenda 2030.Depto. de Estudios EducativosFac. de EducaciónTRUEpu

Lifestyle Factors in Myopic Spanish Children

Background: Childhood myopia represents a global concern with increasing prevalence in recent decades. Lifestyle factors significantly impact myopia. Aim: To evaluate lifestyle factors in myopic children from a metropolitan area in Europe. Methods: This was a descriptive study including myopic subjects aged 4–18 years. Patient demographic and clinical data were collected, including cycloplegic refraction in spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and axial length (AL). In addition, a questionnaire on lifestyle factors was conducted between September 2022 and April 2023. Results: A total of 321 myopic children were included, aged 10.72 ± 3.05 years, of whom 51.4% were boys, with SER −2.25 ± 1.9 D and AL 24.54 ± 0.98 mm. The mean age of myopia onset was 7.69 ± 3.05 years. A total of 59.8% had family history of myopia. Those children who had 2 h/day, SER: −2.50 ±1.88 D (p = 0.009). Children who spent 2 h/day (SER: −1.75 ± 1.83 vs. SER: −2.75 ± 1.82, respectively, p = 0.03). However, no significant association was observed between SER and AL and time spent outdoors nor between SER and AL and academic performance (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Screen time and near-work time appear to be lifestyle factors related to myopia

Coeducación : juegos alternativos

Se pretende fomentar la igualdad de derechos entre los sexos en las áreas de Educación Física y Ciencias Sociales. Los objetivos son: promover la participación femenina en el deporte, fomentar los deportes alternativos (pimpón, voleibol, etc.), proporcionar modelos alternativos no sexistas, e impulsar la formación del profesorado en aspectos que desarrollen la coeducación. Se describe la temporalización del proyecto, los contenidos y la metodología seguida con el alumnado, las familias, el entorno y el profesorado. Las principales actividades serán talleres (cocina, costura, Informática, Huerto, etc.), partidos de fútbol y voleibol, y juegos (chapas, canicas y damas). Concluye con los recursos utilizados y la evaluación de los objetivos logrados..Madrid (Comunidad Autónoma). Consejería de Educación y CulturaMadridMadrid (Comunidad Autónoma). Subdirección General de Formación del Profesorado. CRIF Las Acacias; General Ricardos 179 - 28025 Madrid; Tel. + 34915250893ES

Vacunas antipoliomieliticas, erradicación y posterradicación

Vaccination against polio generates herd immunity (both with the attenuated (OPV) and inactivated (IPV) vaccines) and this will allow the eradication of the disease. The OPV vaccine produces 2-4 polio cases per cohort of one million children and therefore IPV is used in countries that can afford its cost (about 15 times more expensive than OPV). In 1988 the World Health Assembly established the polio eradication goal as "interruption of wild poliovirus transmission". If the elimination of wild poliovirus were achieved, the use of OPV will produce annually between 250 and 500 cases of polio in the world. From 1999, it was clear that eradication would require ending of immunization with OPV. On the 25th of January, 2013 it is approved the plan for the eradication and containment of all polioviruses, wild or not, so that no child suffers paralytic poliomyelitis. The most important landmarks include the lack of wild polio cases after 2014, the introduction of at least one dose of IPV in all immunization programs and to cease the type 2 OPV vaccination by the end of 2016 and to stop the use of the oral bivalent vaccine in 2019. To achieve all this, a complex scientific work and economic solidarity will be required.La vacunación antipoliomielítica genera inmunidad de grupo (con vacunas atenuadas (VPO) e inactivadas (VPI) y ello permitirá la erradicación de la enfermedad. La VPO produce de 2-4 casos de poliomielitis por cohorte de un millón de niños y por ello los países que pueden hacer frente al coste de la VPI (unas 15 veces más cara) la utilizan. En 1988 la Asamblea de la Organización Mundial de la Salud aprobó el objetivo de la erradicación como "la interrupción de la transmisión de poliovirus salvajes". Si se conseguía su eliminación, el mantenimiento de la VPO produciría al año entre 250 y 500 casos de poliomielitis en el mundo. Desde 1999 era evidente que la erradicación requeriría la cesación de la vacunación con VPO. El 25 de enero del 2013 se aprobó el plan para la erradicación y la contención de todos los virus de la polio, salvajes o no, para que ningún niño sufra una poliomielitis paralítica. Los hitos más importantes incluyen, la no aparición de casos de polio salvaje tras el año 2014, la introducción de al menos una dosis de VPI en todos los programas de vacunación y que se suspenda la vacunación con VPO tipo 2 al final del 2016 y que en 2019 se pueda cesar de utilizar la vacuna bivalente oral. Para todo ello será preciso un trabajo científico complejo y solidaridad financiera

Implementación de un Curso Cero para el desarrollo de la competencia matemática dirigido a alumnos de nuevo ingreso en las titulaciones de Grado de Maestro en Educación Infantil, Educación Primaria y Pedagogía

El presente proyecto de innovación tiene como objetivo implementar un Curso Cero para el desarrollo de la competencia matemática dirigido a alumnos de nuevo ingreso en las titulaciones de los Grados de Maestro y Pedagogí